329 lines
6.6 KiB
Markdown
329 lines
6.6 KiB
Markdown
<h1 align="center">Fastify</h1>
|
||
|
||
## 测试
|
||
|
||
测试是开发应用最重要的一部分。Fastify 处理测试非常灵活并且它兼容绝大多数框架 (例如 [Tap](https://www.npmjs.com/package/tap)。下面的例子都会用这个演示)。
|
||
|
||
让我们 `cd` 进入一个全新的 'testing-example' 文件夹，并在终端里输入 `npm init -y`。
|
||
|
||
执行 `npm install fastify && npm install tap pino-pretty --save-dev`。
|
||
|
||
### 关注点分离让测试变得轻松
|
||
|
||
首先，我们将应用代码与服务器代码分离：
|
||
|
||
**app.js**:
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
"use strict";
|
||
|
||
const fastify = require("fastify");
|
||
|
||
function build(opts = {}) {
|
||
const app = fastify(opts);
|
||
app.get("/", async function (request, reply) {
|
||
return { hello: "world" };
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
return app;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
module.exports = build;
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**server.js**:
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
"use strict";
|
||
|
||
const server = require("./app")({
|
||
logger: {
|
||
level: "info",
|
||
prettyPrint: true,
|
||
},
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
server.listen(3000, (err, address) => {
|
||
if (err) {
|
||
console.log(err);
|
||
process.exit(1);
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 使用 fastify.inject() 的好处
|
||
|
||
感谢有 [`light-my-request`](https://github.com/fastify/light-my-request)，Fastify 自带了伪造的 HTTP 注入。
|
||
|
||
在进行任何测试之前，我们通过 `.inject` 方法向路由发送假的请求：
|
||
|
||
**app.test.js**:
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
"use strict";
|
||
|
||
const build = require("./app");
|
||
|
||
const test = async () => {
|
||
const app = build();
|
||
|
||
const response = await app.inject({
|
||
method: "GET",
|
||
url: "/",
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
console.log("status code: ", response.statusCode);
|
||
console.log("body: ", response.body);
|
||
};
|
||
test();
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
我们的代码运行在异步函数里，因此可以使用 async/await。
|
||
|
||
`.inject` 确保了所有注册的插件都已引导完毕，可以开始测试应用了。之后请求方法将被传递到路由函数中去。使用 await 可以存储响应，且避免了回调函数。
|
||
|
||
在终端执行 `node app.test.js` 来开始测试。
|
||
|
||
```sh
|
||
status code: 200
|
||
body: {"hello":"world"}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### HTTP 注入测试
|
||
|
||
现在我们能用真实的测试语句代替 `console.log` 了！
|
||
|
||
在 `package.json` 里修改 "test" script 如下：
|
||
|
||
`"test": "tap --reporter=list --watch"`
|
||
|
||
**app.test.js**:
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
"use strict";
|
||
|
||
const { test } = require("tap");
|
||
const build = require("./app");
|
||
|
||
test('requests the "/" route', async (t) => {
|
||
const app = build();
|
||
|
||
const response = await app.inject({
|
||
method: "GET",
|
||
url: "/",
|
||
});
|
||
t.equal(response.statusCode, 200, "returns a status code of 200");
|
||
});
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
执行 `npm test`，查看结果！
|
||
|
||
`inject` 方法能完成的不只有简单的 GET 请求：
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
fastify.inject(
|
||
{
|
||
method: String,
|
||
url: String,
|
||
query: Object,
|
||
payload: Object,
|
||
headers: Object,
|
||
cookies: Object,
|
||
},
|
||
(error, response) => {
|
||
// 你的测试
|
||
},
|
||
);
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
忽略回调函数，可以链式调用 `.inject` 提供的方法：
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
fastify
|
||
.inject()
|
||
.get("/")
|
||
.headers({ foo: "bar" })
|
||
.query({ foo: "bar" })
|
||
.end((err, res) => {
|
||
// 调用 .end 触发请求
|
||
console.log(res.payload);
|
||
});
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
或是用 promise 的版本
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
fastify
|
||
.inject({
|
||
method: String,
|
||
url: String,
|
||
query: Object,
|
||
payload: Object,
|
||
headers: Object,
|
||
cookies: Object,
|
||
})
|
||
.then((response) => {
|
||
// 你的测试
|
||
})
|
||
.catch((err) => {
|
||
// 处理错误
|
||
});
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Async await 也是支持的！
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
try {
|
||
const res = await fastify.inject({
|
||
method: String,
|
||
url: String,
|
||
payload: Object,
|
||
headers: Object,
|
||
});
|
||
// 你的测试
|
||
} catch (err) {
|
||
// 处理错误
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
#### 另一个例子：
|
||
|
||
**app.js**
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
const Fastify = require("fastify");
|
||
|
||
function buildFastify() {
|
||
const fastify = Fastify();
|
||
|
||
fastify.get("/", function (request, reply) {
|
||
reply.send({ hello: "world" });
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
return fastify;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
module.exports = buildFastify;
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**test.js**
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
const tap = require("tap");
|
||
const buildFastify = require("./app");
|
||
|
||
tap.test("GET `/` route", (t) => {
|
||
t.plan(4);
|
||
|
||
const fastify = buildFastify();
|
||
|
||
// 在测试的最后，我们强烈建议你调用 `.close()`
|
||
// 方法来确保所有与外部服务的连接被关闭。
|
||
t.teardown(() => fastify.close());
|
||
|
||
fastify.inject(
|
||
{
|
||
method: "GET",
|
||
url: "/",
|
||
},
|
||
(err, response) => {
|
||
t.error(err);
|
||
t.equal(response.statusCode, 200);
|
||
t.equal(
|
||
response.headers["content-type"],
|
||
"application/json; charset=utf-8",
|
||
);
|
||
t.same(response.json(), { hello: "world" });
|
||
},
|
||
);
|
||
});
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 测试正在运行的服务器
|
||
|
||
你还可以在 fastify.listen() 启动服务器之后，或是 fastify.ready() 初始化路由与插件之后，进行 Fastify 的测试。
|
||
|
||
#### 举例:
|
||
|
||
使用之前例子的 **app.js**。
|
||
|
||
**test-listen.js** (用 [`Request`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/request) 测试)
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
const tap = require("tap");
|
||
const request = require("request");
|
||
const buildFastify = require("./app");
|
||
|
||
tap.test("GET `/` route", (t) => {
|
||
t.plan(5);
|
||
|
||
const fastify = buildFastify();
|
||
|
||
t.teardown(() => fastify.close());
|
||
|
||
fastify.listen(0, (err) => {
|
||
t.error(err);
|
||
|
||
request(
|
||
{
|
||
method: "GET",
|
||
url: "http://localhost:" + fastify.server.address().port,
|
||
},
|
||
(err, response, body) => {
|
||
t.error(err);
|
||
t.equal(response.statusCode, 200);
|
||
t.equal(
|
||
response.headers["content-type"],
|
||
"application/json; charset=utf-8",
|
||
);
|
||
t.same(JSON.parse(body), { hello: "world" });
|
||
},
|
||
);
|
||
});
|
||
});
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**test-ready.js** (用 [`SuperTest`](https://www.npmjs.com/package/supertest) 测试)
|
||
|
||
```js
|
||
const tap = require("tap");
|
||
const supertest = require("supertest");
|
||
const buildFastify = require("./app");
|
||
|
||
tap.test("GET `/` route", async (t) => {
|
||
const fastify = buildFastify();
|
||
|
||
t.teardown(() => fastify.close());
|
||
|
||
await fastify.ready();
|
||
|
||
const response = await supertest(fastify.server)
|
||
.get("/")
|
||
.expect(200)
|
||
.expect("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8");
|
||
t.same(response.body, { hello: "world" });
|
||
});
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 如何检测 tap 的测试
|
||
|
||
1. 设置 `{only: true}` 选项，将需要检测的测试与其他测试分离
|
||
|
||
```javascript
|
||
test('should ...', {only: true}, t => ...)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
2. 通过 `npx` 运行 `tap`
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
> npx tap -O -T --node-arg=--inspect-brk test/<test-file.test.js>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
- `-O` 表示开启 `only` 选项，只运行设置了 `{only: true}` 的测试
|
||
- `-T` 表示不设置超时
|
||
- `--node-arg=--inspect-brk` 会启动 node 调试工具
|
||
|
||
3. 在 VS Code 中创建并运行一个 `Node.js: Attach` 调试配置，不需要额外修改。
|
||
|
||
现在你便可以在编辑器中检测你的测试文件 (以及 `Fastify` 的其他部分) 了。
|